States are required to report on three child outcomes for preschool to the Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) and as a result, schools are required to report child outcomes data on every child identified as having a disability that has an IEP. Arizona currently uses Teaching Strategies Gold to measure the performance of preschool children with disabilities and report child outcomes. The Center for IDEA Early Childhood Data Systems (DaSy) provides each state with a comparative analysis of state data to national data annually.
Early childhood educators work in a variety of environments and programs, fulfilling a number of roles in order to support programs and services for children with disabilities. To support recruitment and retention efforts ADE units are pursuing several strategies. The ESS Recruitment and Retention team has developed resources in support of these efforts. The Early Childhood Comprehensive System of Personnel Development (CSPD) team is developing resources and is tracking employment trends using survey data from state administrators of ECE programs. From a national perspective, the OSEP Ideas that Work Took Kit to Attract, Prepare and Retain Personnel offers briefs, video vignettes, and Symposia Series.
Video Vignettes—these videos offer the perspectives of educators and related service providers from around the country regarding what helped them to join and stay in special education.
Leverage Briefs—this document from OSEP provides specific actions that can help to attract and retain practitioners. Included is information specific to early childhood special education.
Certification
Is an Arizona teaching certificate required? Certificate requirements are dependent upon program requirements, school district policy, and state regulations. Preschool special education teachers are required to hold one of the following in order to provide specially designed instruction to preschool aged children with disabilities, unless the IEP team determines on an individualized basis, that there is a more qualified person to meet particular identified needs ARS 15-763 (A). Please contact the ADE Certification Unit for additional certification requirements, the Arizona Department of Health Child Care Licensing for qualification requirements for licensed preschool programs.
ECTA’s 2018 update of the Preschool Inclusion Finance Toolkit 2018 contains more details and examples of funding requirements and strategies that promote early childhood inclusion.
ECTA's Early Childhood Programs Comparison Worksheet helps programs identify critical elements of programs offered across the state that can be included in Memorandums of Understanding.
One approach to supporting inclusive programs and classrooms is to determine the costs of major operational components. The following tables provide a list of factors to consider as programs calculate the major costs of an individual classroom. The table may be modified to add indirect or other costs.
Tips to support the process of identifying and serving children with disabilities are shared through flow charts, sample tools, and resources useful for in person and remote administration from the screening process to development of the IEP.
The benefits of participation in early childhood settings in which children with and without disabilities learn together have been well documented. Arizona's Early Childhood Inclusion Task Force has developed specific recommendations to further the opportunities for children with disabilities to participate in regular early childhood programs. Resources that explain the continuum of placement options, outcomes research behind inclusive settings, and school and program level self-assessments of quality are provided.
As children with disabilities who receive Early Intervention services through Arizona's Part C agency, AzEIP, approach the three year old mark, it is anticipated that their families will consider continuing educational services through Part B, or Early Childhood Special Education preschool services. School districts will be notified that families are interested in preschool services when children are between the ages of two years, six months and two years nine months through a "PEA Notification". Schools must work with the issuing service provider or Service Coordinator to conduct and attend the transition conference so that families will know about the transition process and the services that may be available to them. For questions about Preschool Transition Conference activities, contact Program Specialists in the Early Childhood Special Education unit at the C to B Inbox.
Suspension and expulsions take place in early childhood programs at higher rates than in K-12 programs and are greatly disproportionate to young boys of color. These practices have been shown to influence a number of adverse outcomes related to development, health and education. The following resources describe the importance of preventing and severely limiting these practices in early childhood settings.
Provision of Services to Children with Disabilities Not Yet Toilet Trained-Required?
According to the Americans with Disabilites Act (ADA), children with disabilities are entitled to access publicly available programs, which include child care even if they are not yet toilet trained. Title II of the ADA covers child care centers and Title III covers government agencies' programs. The definition of disability is broader than what public schools consider through Child Find activities and, as a result, may include children without a medical diagnosis or educational eligibility label. According to the ADA, a disability is defined as a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, a person who has a history or record of such an impairment, or a person who is perceived by others as having such an impairment. The ADA does not specifically name all of the impairments that are covered. In the Commonly Asked Questions section of the ADA.gov site, the topic of toileting is addressed:
Q: We diaper young children, but we have a policy that we will not accept children more than three years of age who need diapering. Can we reject children older than three who need diapering because of a disability?
A: Generally, no. Centers that provide personal services such as diapering or toileting assistance for young children must reasonably modify their policies and provide diapering services for older children who need it due to a disability. Generally speaking, centers that diaper infants should diaper older children with disabilities when they would not have to leave other children unattended to do so.
Centers must also provide diapering services to young children with disabilities who may need it more often than others their age.
Some children will need assistance in transferring to and from the toilet because of mobility or coordination problems. Centers should not consider this type of assistance to be a "personal service."
Q: We do not normally diaper children of any age who are not toilet trained. Do we still have to help older children who need diapering or toileting assistance due to a disability?
A: It depends. To determine when it is a reasonable modification to provide diapering for an older child who needs diapering because of a disability and a center does not normally provide diapering, the center should consider factors including, but not limited to, (1) whether other non-disabled children are young enough to need intermittent toileting assistance when, for instance, they have accidents; (2) whether providing toileting assistance or diapering on a regular basis would require a child care provider to leave other children unattended; and (3) whether the center would have to purchase diapering tables or other equipment.
If the program never provides toileting assistance to any child, however, then such a personal service would not be required for a child with a disability. Please keep in mind that even in these circumstances, the child could not be excluded from the program because he or she was not toilet trained if the center can make other arrangements, such as having a parent or personal assistant come and do the diapering.
Q: What are the basic requirements of title II of the ADA?
A: Child care services provided by government agencies, such as Head Start, summer programs, and extended school day programs, must comply with title II of the ADA. Both titles apply to a child care center's interactions with the children, parents, guardians, and potential customers that it serves.
Q: What are the basic requirements of title III?
A: The ADA requires that child care providers not discriminate against persons with disabilities on the basis of disability; that is, that they provide children and parents with disabilities with an equal opportunity to participate in the child care center’s programs and services. Specifically:
Centers cannot exclude children with disabilities from their programs unless their presence would pose a direct threat to the health or safety of others or require a fundamental alteration of the program.
Centers have to make reasonable modifications to their policies and practices to integrate children, parents, and guardians with disabilities into their programs unless doing so would constitute a fundamental alteration.
Centers must provide appropriate auxiliary aids and services needed for effective communication with children or adults with disabilities, when doing so would not constitute an undue burden.
Centers must generally make their facilities accessible to persons with disabilities. Existing facilities are subject to the readily achievable standard for barrier removal, while newly constructed facilities and any altered portions of existing facilities must be fully accessible.
State Agency Resources:
AZ Department of Health Child Care Licensing—Licensing regulations specific to serving children with disabilities were developed (see pps 44-45). The guidance includes standards for toilet training, diapering and use of a wheelchair.
New Integrity Rule -40086 – New SPED14 Exit Code for Preschool
A new Special Education integrity rule -40086, will be introduced into the integrity process on FY23 SPED data. This update is a continuation of our effort to ensure clean data for the state. A new one-sheet Integrity Tool is now available on our AzEDS SPED Reporting webpage for troubleshooting tips for Integrity Rule -40086.
Preschool Transition and Students without Disabilities Data Entry Now Open
Two new data entry components are added to the Special Education Data Dashboard (SEDD) as of today:
Preschool Transition: required for PEAs that provide special education and related services to preschoolers. Data entry involves information on students who transferred from Part C (Arizona Early Intervention Program) to Part B (PEA preschool program).
Students without Disabilities: data entry is required for PEAs to identify whether or not educational services were provided to students without disabilities reported as long-term suspended or expelled in AzEDS.
These data collection requirements are due by August 3, 2022, by 5:00 pm. If your PEA does not serve preschoolers and/or does not have any students without disabilities reported as long-term suspended or expelled, these components will not be accessible and are not applicable.
